The story I have heard is that they attached to the air filters with the intent of drawing oil into the valve guides. Original air filters have the connectors but newer ones don't so it seems that Honda thought them unnecessary. I have some little rubber caps over mine but there seems to be no harm ...

Normally they are part of a carb kit although not necessarily. I just did a quick search for "honda cb77 carb kit" and this came up and it appears to have them.

https://4into1.com/ultimate-carburetor-rebuild-kit-honda-cb77-305-super-hawk/

There were lots of others too. I'd give anyone selling ...

The covers on the ends of the camshaft do this for you. If you look you will see that they sit next to the outer bearings.

Yeah. The shop manual shows the C72/77 but not the CBs. The only difference is that in the C77 the pistons move together but in the CB77 they alternate. There are two marks on the alternator rotor labelled T and LT. T is top dead centre for the right cylinder and that's the one you need.

There is ...

I'm puzzled by this too. However, I don't think it has anything to do with the cam chain tensioner. I disassembled one and didn't see anything like that. The tensioner is easily removed without removing anything else. If that was part of it then it should be obvious both in appearance and smoothness ...

I had a similar problem and solved it by going to a store that sells body shop supplies, including paint. They were able to match a colour very well and fill spray cans with the necessary paint. It was expensive so I built the film with two coats of off the shelf grey primer and two of colour. There ...

Your guess is correct.